Rezensionen AAA Band 38 (2013) Heft 2 240 Ghostliness in Thomas Pynchon’s Mason & Dixon” examines the haunted, ghostly spaces in the novel hinting at the invisibility and loss of the past on the one hand, and on tensions between individual and collective identities in the face of North American history at large on the other: the essay argues that early American identity developed in opposition to the natives - a topic that is also present in Madalina Prodan’s “Getting a Name: Searching for a Mixed-Blood Identity in Sherman Alexie’s Flight.” The final article of this part, by contrast, reflects on the spatial imagery in contemporary science discourses. Judith Kohlenberger discusses how these discourses are concerned with questions of identity, power and legitimacy and how cultural studies as a field contributes to practices of reading “[t]his Space called Science.” Overall, the volume covers a wide array of issues, text types, literary and cultural American spaces. It draws on an extensive body of theoretical ideas by scholars such as Butler, Said, Soja, Foucault or de Certeau. The articles give an overview of how America is ‘placed’ with regard to its national and transnational, central and marginal spaces, but also with regard to dystopian visions and scientific challenges. Each of these topics in itself would deserve further investigation, as would the co-dependency of time and space in the context of American cultural studies. At the same time, the scope of the volume remains limited to Western conceptions of the United States and Canada, as well as constrained to a rather ‘discipline-specific’ understanding of time and space. While of course interdisciplinary is not a must with regard to Placing America, the topic itself would be a starting point for a widening scope of interest as it invites and encourages discussion across spaces larger than the West as well as an active engagement with how the perceived ‘other’ discipline may ‘place’ America and open up new discussions and fields of investigation for further strengthening a placeand space-oriented study of America. Julia Sattler Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik Technische Universität Dortmund, Deutschland Kerstin Knopf (ed.), North America in the 21 st Century. Tribal, Local, and Global. Trier: Wissenschaftlicher Verlag, 2011. Heidrun Mörtl North America in the 21 st Century - Tribal, Local, and Global is a festschrift for Hartmut Lutz. This volume of twenty-three articles by U.S. and international scholars touches on a variety of topics relating to the indigenous people of Rezensionen 241 North America - tribal, local, and global. Contradicting the stereotype that ‘tribal’ is associated with the old, the traditional, and with a certain distance to the modern world, the articles provide vivid insights into the vibrant and flourishing indigenous cultures in Canada and the United States. The editor Kerstin Knopf points to concepts such as Huhndorf’s “tribal internationalism” as standing in stark contrast to parochial and traditionalist views of indigenous cultures. Inspired by Hartmut Lutz’s long-standing scholarship in the fields of Native and Minority Studies, the articles in this volume critically engage the reader to re-think these fields and prompt scholars to critically reflect on their disciplines. The questions asked in this book are manifold: “Have they/ we become depoliticized? Are we still talking about Native and minority issues and texts, or rather about our own theoretical achievements? This volume investigates interfaces between local, tribal, and global. How do global developments affect the local and the tribal? What ways of resistance are open and how can global developments be turned to their advantage? Likewise, how are these developments contextualized in texts and film? ” (12) The articles are divided into five sections: (1.) “Homeland - Perspectives on the Tribal, Local, and Global,” (2.) “Education and Native American Studies,” (3.) “Environmental Ethics, Knowledge, and Politics,” (4.) “Tribal, Local, and Global Stories and Literature,” and (5.) “Tribal, Local and Global in Film.” These sections are similar to Knopf’s collection Aboriginal Canada Revisited (2008), but the extended focus south of the 49 th parallel helps to highlight unique tribal, local and global connections between indigenous groups. The concise essay by J.D. Forbes, in which he addresses the importance of the perspective on the Americas, was very suitably placed at the beginning of the first section. His contrast between Western and Native views on North America prompts the reader to appreciate not only the indigenous understanding of the land, but also brilliantly connects the indigenous peoples of the Americas, thus promoting a hemispheric view on issues. When talking about the Americas he asks the readers to deflect their thoughts from “colonialist, ethnically-biased and circumscribed perspectives into post-colonial history which is land-centered and not exclusively human-centered” (28). The second section addresses the much-discussed theme of education, on teaching Native Studies from Native and non-Native perspectives, on the ‘home’ of Native Studies in the academy, and on how these contents can best be related in a culturally sensitive way. The section also contains personal journeys in academia, proposes methods of teaching and discusses the question of outsider vs. colonizer once again, albeit in a new way. The third section ties in with Knopf’s introduction to the compilation as it calls attention to many of the environmental concerns indigenous peoples are faced with in the 21 st century, and which are often the result of insufficient regulations and improper policies. In her essay, J.C. Armstrong argues repeatedly that the differing criteria of recognition of status and rights are a dramatic problem for indigenous peoples all over the world and that at this point no solution is in sight to this ongoing struggle. She states, “simply being born ‘Indigenous’ from this perspective is to live in an oppressive framework of systemic struggle” (112). Rezensionen AAA Band 38 (2013) Heft 2 242 However, she also points to the tremendous resistance which has in no small part changed the scene in the past few years. The “Idle No More” movement is just one of the examples and “resistance through music” has become a major ‘weapon’ in this fight. Knowledge preservation, the preservation of traditions, language, and stories leads us to section four, consisting for the most part of critical essays on individual literary works and their relevance to the theme of the compilation. P. Bakker’s piece about the Michif (mixture of Cree and French) language is an exception, as it can be related to the wider topic of language preservation and revitalization - through, among other things, literature - an issue still highly relevant in North America in the 21 st century. Successful efforts such as those of the Wampanoag, whose efforts concerning language revitalization have led to the first Michif mother tongue speaker in more than a hundred years and/ or language programs such as the one at Bemidji State University in Minnesota, where Ojibwe is taught, are wonderful positive examples. However, unfortunately, indigenous languages are still dying out at an alarmingly fast rate. The last section of the book opens up yet another door, namely film. Whereas new outlets for Native voices and the ability to present themselves authentically are touched upon in the article by E. Gruber, M. Holtz and K. Knopf discuss two features that build on stereotypical representations of indigenous peoples. Viewing them through a critical lens challenges the viewer to re-evaluate and re-assess their interpretations. Festschrifts are a difficult genre and will never find universal acclaim. However, there is a lot of interesting material in this volume and, depending on their focus and specific interests, readers will, in spite of the slightly misleading title, find much inspiring and innovative research. Heidrun Moertl Center for Inter -American Studies University of Graz, Austria Hans-Peter Wagner, William Hogarth: Das graphische Werk - ein kommentierter Auswahlkatalog. Trier: WVT, 2013. Daniel Becker Das Feld der Hogarth-Studien kann heute auf eine mehrere hundert Jahre überdauernde, und unzählige Interpretationsansätze umfassende Entwicklung zurückblicken. Eine Entwicklung welche bereits zu Lebzeiten des bekannten englischen Malers und Graphikers William Hogarth (1697-1764) im 18. Jahr-